Introduction: Since the population is one of the most important issues in the Quran and Islamic sayings, the aim of this study was to clarify the instructions of the Quran and Etrat regarding childbirth, generation production, population balance, and explaining the demographic pattern of the Islamic family. This applied research with document method, using descriptive-analytical approach, was conducted to answer research questions. Through a comprehensive study, the verses and sayings related to the population were compiled, and the instructions and strategies of the Quran and Etrat in this field were explained by content analysis. Conclusion: The instructions of the Quran and Etrat on the population balance and the demographic pattern of the Iranian-Islamic family (marriage, family formation, childbirth, quality and quantity of population) are the best ways in planning the medical science programs. From the perspective of the instructions of the Quran and Etrat, the child is a sign of God's mercy and omnipotence, a reason for increase in aliment, blessing and consolidation of the family, the happiness in the world and the resurrection as well as the proud of the Holy Prophet on the Day of Judgment. The instructions of the Quran and the Etrat have emphasized marriage and childbearing at all times. Therefore, childbearing is an issue to which the Prophet (pbuh) and the Imams of Tahirin (pbuh) have recommended, and it can be considered an emphasized Mustahabb.