Purpose: The present study tries to study and analyze the Qur'anic and jurisprudential evidences of kindness towards children with emphasis on its psychological effects in order to clarify the Qur'anic and Shari'a ruling of this issue through these studies.
Materials and Methods: This research has been carried out by the method of library studies and in a descriptive-analytical manner, which has been obtained and analyzed by referring to Quranic, narrative and scientific texts.
Findings: Studies show that people who love themselves and others are less likely to experience anxiety and failure in catastrophic and stressful situations. Compassion is an important construct in modulating people's response to stressful and worrying situations. God Almighty has also emphasized on compassion in the Holy Quran. Compassion for children can be seen in the following formats. Breastfeeding the child by the mother (وَالْوَ َلِدَ َت‌ُ یُرْضِعْن‌َ أَوْلَـَدَهُن‌َّ حَوْلَیْن‌ِ کَامِلَیْن) ... (Al-Baqara, 233), choose a suitable partner for children (وَ أَنکِحُواْ الاْ ?َیَـَمَی‌َ مِنکُم‌ْ وَ الصَّـَـلِحِین‌َ مِن‌ْ عِبَادِکُم‌ْ وَ إِمَآغ‌کُم‌ ... (Noor, 32 )) trying to save the children from the dangers of life and moral " وَنَادَی‌َ نوح‌ٌ ابْنَه‌ُ وَکَان‌َ فِی مَعْزِل‌ٍ یـَبُنَی‌َّ ارْکَب‌ْ مَعَنَا وَلاَ تُکُن مَع‌َ الْکَـَفِرِین‌َ (Hud, 42) reform and development of denominational children with advice “وَ إِذْ قَال‌َ لُقْمَـَن‌ُ لاِ بْنِه‌ِی وَ هُوَ یَعِظُه‌ُو یَـَبُنَی‌َّ لاَ تُشْرِکْ بِاللَّه‌ِ” (Luqman, 13) according to children's future and their security “وَ إِذْ قَال‌َ إِبْرَ َهِیم‌ُ رَب‌ِّ اجْعَل‌ْ هَـَذَا الْبَلَدَ ءَامِنًا وَ اجْنُبْنِی وَ بَنِی‌َّ أَن نَّعْبُدَ الاْ ?َصْنَام” (Ibrahim, 35) providing Suitable for children to play and move around: “أَرْسِلْه‌ُ مَعَنَا غَدَاً یَرْتَع‌ْ وَیَلْعَب‌ْ وَإِنَّا لَه‌ُ لَحَـَفِظُون‌َ” Children are one of the types of parental affection for children in educational jurisprudence, which includes obligatory, forbidden, and recommended kindness. Observing justice between children is obligatory in all matters related to them, including loving and expressing love to parents, and the criterion for such observance of justice is the two indicators of "need" and "capacity" of children. According to these two indicators, where the needs and capacities of children are the same, justice leads to equality, and in fact, equality is obligatory in love, and among other permissions to differentiate between children, the existence of more important interests such as the possibility of sedition between children and There is a right for one of the children. In this case, discrimination is permissible and, in fact, justice in compassion is obligatory. The obligation of affection as a duty within the family is "obligatory sufficiency" for the parents, and since there is no alternative, it is "determinative obligatory".
Conclusion: The result of the study is that parents' concern for love by observing its jurisprudential rules as an obligatory "sufficiency, determination" is one of their mandatory family duties and most of the verses and narrations in this regard are parents. Therefore, it can be said that compassion is a duty that is more obligatory on parents, emphasized in educational jurisprudence.