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کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشجوی کارشناسی علوم تغذیه، گروه علوم تغذیه، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گلستان، گرگان، ایران
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استادیار، گروه علوم تغذیه، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گلستان، گرگان، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه: اربعین یکی از بزرگترین اجتماعات مذهبی در جهان محسوب میشود. این اجتماعات باوجود مزایایی مانند تبادل فرهنگی و گسترش ارتباطات، چالشهایی نظیر رعایت بهداشت، تغذیه مناسب و جلوگیری از انتقال بیماریهای عفونی به همراه دارد. اصلاح تغذیه و پیروی از الگوی صحیح رژیم غذایی در تقویت سیستم ایمنی و ابتلا به انواع بیماریها تأثیرگذار است. ازاینرو مطالعه مروری حاضر باهدف تعیین چالشهای تغذیهای، بهداشتی و بررسی میزان آگاهی زائران از رعایت بهداشت و تغذیه سالم در اربعین و تجمعات انجام گردید. روش: جستجوی مقالات در پایگاههای SID، ISC، Magiran و همچنین Google Scholar توسط کلیدواژهها انجام گردید. یافتهها: تغذیه با تأثیر بر سیستم ایمنی در پیشگیری از بروز بیماریهای واگیردار نقش مهمی ایفا میکند. همچنین در این نوع تجمعات بروز دهیدراتاسیون، مسمومیتهای غذایی، پرخوری و تشدید بیماریهای غیر واگیر در افراد مطرح است که در همه اینها تغذیه مناسب و رعایت اصول بهداشتی از جایگاه ویژهای برخوردار است. نتیجهگیری: عدم آگاهی عموم مردم از رعایت بهداشت و دریافت غذایی مناسب و همچنین عدم ایستگاههای بازرسی مختلف در جهت نظارت بر سلامت زائران در اینگونه گردهماییها میتواند منشأ بروز بسیاری از بیماریها باشد. مدیریت تجمعات انبوه مستلزم برنامهریزی، آمادگی و هماهنگی بین سازمانها است و باید در تهیه، تولید، توزیع و سیستم ارزیابی مواد غذایی سالم، پیش از برگزاری این نوع اجتماعات اقدامات لازم را به عملآورند.
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