Quran and Medicine

Quran and Medicine

Key Principles and Criteria of Medical Ethics in the Mutual Interaction Between Patient and Medical Staff from the Perspective of the Quran: A Scoping Review of Review Studies

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Seyed Mohammad Hossein Javadi 1
Gholamreza Mohammadi 2
soraya sayar 3
Esmayil Abbasi Zagheh 4
Masoudeh babakhanian 5
1 social work department, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2 Clinical Research Development Unit, Velayat Hospital, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
3 Social work group. Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Tehran, Iran
4 Allameh Tabataba'i University. Tehran. Iran.
5 Social Determinants Of Health Research Center, Semnan University Of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Abstract
Background: This article explores the principles of Islamic medical ethics, which are deeply rooted in religious sources, particularly the Quran, and emphasize ethical conduct within the medical profession.
Material and Methods: Employing a domain review methodology, the authors systematically searched major databases PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Persian SID-using relevant keywords, without time restrictions up to the end of 2024. The inclusion criteria focused on review studies that examined the reciprocal ethical responsibilities between patients and medical staff from the Quranic perspective, as well as those directly addressing the foundational principles of Islamic medical ethics. The quality of the selected studies was assessed using the AMSTAR checklist.
Results: A total of ten articles met the inclusion criteria. Key Islamic medical ethics principles highlighted include medical confidentiality, which mandates the protection of patient information and prohibits disclosure without patient consent. The intention behind medical actions is also emphasized; practitioners acting in good faith, even if outcomes are adverse, are not considered liable due to their benevolent intent. The importance of informing patients about their condition and treatment is underscored, with withholding such information viewed as a breach of duty. The value of physicians’ efforts to alleviate patient suffering is recognized. Regarding abortion, Islam considers it a form of "self-murder." Organ transplantation and donation are permitted if they aim to save or improve lives, provided they are conducted knowingly and in accordance with religious principles.
Conclusion: The study concludes that a thorough understanding of Islamic ethical principles and Quranic guidance can significantly enhance medical ethics and improve healthcare quality in Islamic societies and potentially beyond.
Keywords
medical ethics
medical staff
Quran
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